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Abortion [to features of language] - at the person can be the child, but can it and not to be. The fact of presence of the child does not grow out of a free will, action freedom. Here it is not enough one desire, to what weights of childless married couples testify. The person was created by the nature. From here and a question of abortions. Generally the natural rights to live at the woman making abortion, no more, than at that person which tries to be born, as confirms the nature (PROVES) every time when mother dies during sorts. At the heart of a situation with abortions sex questions in the pure state when the sensual pleasure of one, is put above, than a life of others lay. Somewhere here there is also a problem of rape with the subsequent murder of the victim and ejection of newborn children in garbage tanks (sometimes named the term "overdue abortion"), homosexuality, right questions (basic of which - the right to kill) and, naturally, human nonsense (мозаичности thinking) without which similar to justify it would be heavy enough. At the same time, considering all tragic element of existence live, that is that all life is a continuous struggle and death, it is possible to consider, that the woman capable of abortion, and should not have many children. But it is possible and not to consider. And nevertheless, we will ask a question: whether many of people (despite caducity of existence, the hardest conditions of life, bad relations in a family, on work and health, the small salary (the income), the second basic event of the life - the future death) would agree on that them have removed from a belly of mother.

Abortion - the concept closely connected with human rights for a life. It is obvious, that the concept "the right to something" exists only when the phenomenon can be realised, but also can and not to be realised because of hindrances from other people. Been born, the person already realised the right to a life and at it as an equivalent remains after that the right to natural death (death from an old age or incurable (?) at the present stage of development of medicine and an illness society). The rights to death without specification of conditions of its realisation cannot exist, that is obvious, as death неотторжима from the person, and its this right cannot be restrained anybody. But as to call things by their proper names in civilised countries it is not accepted and it is dissonant, usually use allegories. Application of the term the right to a life in international and other documents is a desire bright example to speak beautifully. At the same time it is possible to agree that the given word-combination is filled by other sense, for example: the right to a life is the right to death from the nonviolent reasons or the right on: " Long life "," worthy life "," easy life "," fascinating life "- but in this case it is represented nevertheless necessary to stipulate it in an explicit form. To mean something, or to pretend" that all understand, about what there is a speech "while it is far not so, is immorality and intellectual unconscientiousness. Experience of jurisprudence and philosophy shows, that uncertain concepts are good soil for various gamble, intellectual swindle and finally the rights start to work against the person and if so it is necessary.

Abstraction --(from an armour. absractio - derivation) - one of forms of representation of the separate parties of a thing in consciousness of the person, consisting in mental derivation of separate properties and relations of things and allocation, exarticulation of any property or the relation. The abstraction exists only in consciousness of the person, its imagination. As a result of abstraction the reason of the person has created categories - words. Most the general categories, for example: the Universe, a matter, time, movement, the law, space, development, etc. - are a subject of consideration of such science, as philosophy. Except abstraction superabstraction - the illusory world not reflecting any properties, any things and their relations - imaginations, the musical chords (words) repeating in various literary works, painting and music plots and scenarios, that is not formalized information, thinking errors, and also pseudo-philosophical fabrications and словоблудие which not so that easier to allocate from the world of words are possible also.

Absurdity -- nonsense, absurd ; in the logician inconsistent expression in which something affirms and denied simultaneously (dialectics); the concept absent in and , that forces to reflect on the reasons of this absence. The most simple explanation, that "a pier and so all clearly" not seems convincing - concept not such idle time it is represented what at first sight, but "logic - the enemy of a policy and philosophy".

The consecutive logic analysis of a large quantity of statements and actions of people, intellectuals and politicians shows, that they are absurd from the point of view of common sense, but are absolutely correct from the point of view of achievement of the purposes put by them. It is necessary to understand the last only. Implicitly questions of absurdity of existence are considered by Jose Ortego-i-Gassetom in work "Revolt of weights" and "the Person and people".

Aggression -- the natural human quality conducting finally to disappearance of its carrier. In a normal human society aggressive individuals are usually destroyed by joint efforts of quieter part. The similar fate waits also the aggressive people, strong, but the nonaggressive people and the people, capable to unite finally win. At the same time it is necessary to notice, that periodically in certain situations aggression gives to its carrier some advantage remaining until less aggressive relatives will not be organised. As human quality aggression and its carriers are continuously reproduced and destroyed (some dynamic balance) takes place.

In a similar way in a healthy organism cancer cages which according to some information are continuously formed behave and disappear, but easily cope with the sick (weakened) organism.

The agent of influence -- the definition usually applied in relation to events of last years (1960-1990); contrary to a popular belief the agent of influence is not the concrete person, and public institute. With reference to a situation of disorder (destruction) of the USSR agents of influence were and remain: the international competitions, festivals, mass media, tourist trips, the international awards, funds, parties, etc. .

Concept the agent of influence does not exclude also the concrete person: in this case it is possible to speak about sincere error or conviction of the person who is influencing outlook of others and being the agent of influence..

At the heart of a phenomenon the agent of influence underlies a phenomenon the agent of influence limitation of resources of the separate person (particularly lays - usual human nonsense) which does not allow it for limited time of stay abroad, not being included in system of industrial (public) relations of host country to understand, that to what. Having come back therefrom he recollects only that abundance of beautiful and exotic things which are unusual to its perception. Other party of a phenomenon is that in the world there is nothing made, instead of to see lacks and difficulties of own country from within very naive person (in the people such name - the fool) can only. It is obvious, that in the country system lacks were visible to a great bulk of people, but people worked, hoping and gathering them to overcome. Of it at the very beginning of reorganisation those fools or criminals (who they actually now to answer this question still while difficultly) which have destroyed the USSR also have taken advantage.

Adequate -- corresponding, equal, equivalent. In the knowledge theory adequate it is considered image or knowledge which correspond to the original - to object thanks to what they are authentic, have character of objective truths. The question on accuracy of adequacy, i.e. on accuracy, depth and completeness of reflexion of object, is connected with a problem of a parity of absolute and relative true. With reference to the theory we will consider "information processings" as adequate processing such at which in results (conclusions) does not contain the positions which are doing not follow from theses, laying in their basis. If conclusions are simply incomplete such processing of the information is adequate, but insufficient, and use of the insufficient information in the further activity will be already action inadequate.

This word is useful for knowing, as it is used often by philosophers, using "to a place and out of place". In диатропическом the plan it is possible to suggest to use the term adequately - as corresponding not only true in the knowledge theory, but also to purpose achievement (including Main objective) in practical activities - practice. But, what such - the purpose?

Axiom -- the accepted position, position of some scientific theory which undertakes as initial, indemonstrable in the given theory, i.e. (on belief) and from which all other offers of the theory by the rules of a conclusion accepted in it are deduced. A synonym of a word the axiom is - a postulate: speak "I postulate that and that", and further start to argue under the laws of logic accepted in given reflexion. As the axiom undertakes on belief, at the diligent (fair) approach, it should be a subject of critical perception and additional attention in all essentially important situations, that is everywhere, where dare not purely theoretical (for example, religion), and practical problems of search of true. In the latter case usually as axioms use the well-known, repeatedly checked up things (concept).

Actualisation --[from an armour. aсtualis - active]the concept meaning change of life: transition of life from a condition of the possible valid in a condition. In the standard sense actual it is considered that is desirable and it is necessary to put into practice.

The algorithm -- on system of calculations by strictly certain rules, on a final set corrected, allowing purely mechanically to solve any specific target from some class of the same problems. As examples of the elementary algorithms algorithms of subtraction, addition, multiplication and division of numbers can serve.

Altruism -- disinterested care of the blessing of others and readiness to endow for others the personal interests On: " ... Altruism essentially differs from love instead of which it have thought up. Altruism demands love to other, abstract person on that only to the reason that is other person. Thus, object of altruism is the uncertain individual whom we should love just because it is alien to us, that it differs from us. Love, on the contrary, test always to the concrete person whom we love not because it differs from us, that is why, that it is close to us, - and we love in that measure in what it is identical to us. Apparently, feeling this distinction, Kont also has thought up "altruism". The identification of altruism with human love is superstition, and there is nothing more pity, than the sermon of altruism with church амвонов. It is necessary to remember, that in Kont's concept it is a question not of the human individual, and about so-called "a great being" (grand etre), i.e. about mankind. Altruism connects us with "a great being" and serves the purposes of idolatry what the worship for mankind is. The altruism concept should replace with itself the Christian doctrine about love to near ".

Despite some persuasiveness of reasons Bohensky it is necessary to notice, that altruism as the phenomenon and a condition of the person existed and exist irrespective of, have thought up it or not. The Essence of the matter consists that real relations between people are much richer and more various, than ordered by religious or economic canons. The public system solves much more challenges of human relations, than it can be represented to the separate person. Altruism elements (love to the kind) are inherent in many animals, i.e. are instinctive.

Experience shows, that "to think up something and to introduce in practice" it is possible only when there is in it an objective necessity. In this connection altruism in human relations most likely existed long before Kont, and Kont has only seen it.

Analogue -- the object adequately reflecting any parties of other object: concepts, a subject, the phenomenon. On analogue - something representing conformity, similarity or similarity to other subject or the phenomenon, the giving basis for analogy. On - the term of the theory of knowledge [Greek. analogos], designating ideal object (concept, the theory, a research method, etc.), adequately reflecting any material subject, process, law.

The analogy - a typical example of use of the standard cogitative forms, showing, that thinking by analogy is one of the basic mechanisms of thinking. Analogies are widely applied as the knowledge and training method, allowing to move from known to the unknown person and also as a method Уwashing of brainsФ, allowing to hide unknown replacing its known, but not having to the unknown person of any relation, for example, the state is compared to an organism, or the house (while it, actually, is not neither that, nor another and demands, will tell so, "some specificity of understanding of a situation and decision-making"). Analogy-conformity, a similarity establishment in some parties, qualities and relations between nonidentical objects. The conclusion scheme by analogy: the object B possesses signs a,b, c, d,e; the object C possesses signs a, b, c, d, probably, that the object C possesses also a sign е.

The analogy in dialogue practice is a typical example of use of the standard cogitative forms, showing, that the thinking by analogy is one of the basic mechanisms of thinking. Because the analogy is one of real mechanisms of knowledge of the world at its use recommend, for the purpose of increase of probability of a correct conclusion.

1. To be based on essential signs and, whenever possible, on большем number of the general properties in compared objects (to aspire to a situation when one is distinctive only).

2. To be convinced that sign communication concerning which the conclusion becomes, with the general signs found out in objects close enough.

3. Not to expand area соот

4. To investigate presence of distinctions and their relations.

Analogies cause associations.

The antagonist - - 1) the irreconcilable opponent, the contender; 2) the muscle operating together with basic, but creating effort of an opposite direction that allows to stop movement and to regulate its speed and force; 3) a teeth of the top and bottom jaws resisting each other.

Antagonistic contradictions -- the contradictions which are considered as some philosophising subjects irreconcilable; in practice antagonistic contradictions appear necessary for maintenance of integrity of a thing, for example: in movement - work of two muscles the basic and the antagonist provides accuracy of movement, in knowledge and public relations there is an institute of the opponent, dialectics - dispute with itself...

Anticapitalist mentality -- Ludwig's book background Mizesa, is written to 1956, translated into Russian and extended in Russia in 1992 - 1994 (!!). In introduction the author writes: "Replacement of pre-capitalistic methods of economic managing with free capitalism has increased the population and has all-time raised a life average level. Today the nation the prospers more, than less it interferes with spirit of free business and the personal initiative. The people of the USA succeed more than other people just because its government later, than the governments of other countries, have started to pursue a policy, interfering business. Nevertheless, many, especially people of brainwork, passionately hate capitalism. On their representations, this disgusting form of the economic organisation of a society is capable to generate only angrily and poverty. During the kind old time previous" industrial revolution ", people, ostensibly, lived in happiness and a prosperity. Now, under capitalism, the huge majority of people are the half-starved poor men ruthlessly maintained by unscrupulous minority. For these villains there is nothing, except their profits. They make not that it is really useful and that gives the highest profit is necessary for a society, and only. They poison bodies of workers with alcohol and tobacco, mind and souls - low-standard newspaper reading matter, pornographic books and silly empty films. "An ideological superstructure" capitalism is decadent and degeneration the literature, theatre of black humour, striptease "art", the Hollywood tapes and detectives.

The public opinion spirit is extremely clearly visible from this, that it connects definition "capitalist" only with something disgusting and never with what positive. Yes unless any good can proceed from capitalism? After all all valuable was made and made contrary to capitalism, its distinctive line - generation of continuous harms and troubles. The purpose of our sketch - to analyse roots of a bias against capitalism and to track consequences of such sight at capitalism.

Further during all book the author tries to prove a method of statements, that the reason of anticapitalist mentality of people of brainwork is only envy to those "who is able to live in this life". That is applies throughout all book one, but repeatedly repeated typical argument to the person.

Very close reception is used and in book ћ and R.Fridmana "Owners of the destiny" where also as a principal cause of "dislike" for capitalism is called envy. After perusal of these books there is an impression, that their authors do not find at the "western" person of such feelings and qualities, as: the rationality, decency, honesty, selflessness, disinterestedness, ability to see prospect of development of mankind, etc. to Agree with it it is impossible, as similar things people of "Western world" possess also, not speaking about a considerable part of the population and the scientific former countries of socialism. It is necessary to ascertain, that these works are no more than an example of intellectual unconscientiousness, i.e. are false.

Anthropogene -- last from the geological periods from occurrence of a sort the Human Person to the present in, on various views, from 1.0 to 5 million years.

Anthropogenous factors -- group of the factors caused by influence of the person and its economic activities on plants, animals and other natural components.

Argument -- judgement by means of which what validity or other judgement - the thesis is proved.

The arguments used in the course of the proof of some judgement, should satisfy to following rules:

1. Arguments should be true judgements.

2. Arguments should be the judgements which validity is established irrespective of the thesis.

3. Arguments should be the sufficient basis for the proved thesis.

Arguments of the first kind (ad rem) are arguments to merits of case; they concern a discussed question and are directed on a substantiation of the validity of proved position - the thesis.

Arguments of the second kind (ad hominem) -- arguments to the person; these arguments do not concern merits of case and are used to win only in polemic, dispute. Usually they mention the person of the opponent, its belief, appeal to opinion of an audience, etc.

Application of arguments of the second kind by the politician or the opponent in dispute is a signal, that the second arguing party has suffered defeat and real reasonable arguments at its order does not remain, to struggle with its nonsense - is useless.

The most widespread arguments of the second kind:

Argument to authority - the reference to the statement or opinion of great scientists, public figures, writers etc. in support of the thesis.

The argument to authority has set of various forms. Appeal to authority of public opinion, authority of an audience, authority of the opponent and even to own authority: "I supposedly long was engaged in it, I supposedly the doctor, the academician, the professional, etc."

Argument to public - the reference to opinions, moods, feelings of listeners. There is a reference not to the opponent, and to present, sometimes even to casual listeners.

One of the most effective versions of argument to public - the reference to material interests present. If one of opponents manages to show, that thesis protected by its opponent mentions a financial position, incomes, etc. present their sympathy will be, most likely, on the party of the first. The argument is widely used in the politician, telecasts for attraction or a deceit of the voter (spectator).

Argument to the person - the reference to personal features of the opponent, its tastes, appearance, advantages or lacks.

Argument to vanity - squandering of unlimited praises to the opponent in hope, that, mentioned by compliments, it will lose vigilance.

Argument to force - threat by unpleasant consequences. Usually resort in dispute with intellectually surpassing opponent.

Argument to pity - excitation in other party of pity and sympathy.

Argument to ignorance - use of the facts and the positions unknown to the opponent, the reference to products which that obviously did not read or which do not exist in the nature.

Argument to the right - the reference to the law, the regulations, the instruction, allowing to stop discussion and not to allow to the opponent to finish the argument. The argument to the right is widely applied in jurisprudence according to which arguments of an opposite side "not concerning", according to judges, to a question being are not listened, or are not taken into consideration. Argument to the right (instruction) the basic argument - the bureaucrat.

Argument version to the right is also the position: laws should be carried out, instead of to discuss. Thus the question of an origin and the validity of laws (parcels) remains behind a dispute limit; one more version of argument to the right are the regulations.

It is possible to carry to arguments of the second sort also arguments of an implicit kind, that is such arguments which actually are not present. The essence of the given phenomenon consists that the speaking says a number of positions not raising the doubts, clever thoughts or a number of ideas or rules of action among which is offered that thought which is necessary for "dragging" and for the sake of which all conversation is started "hides". The considerable part listening thus has an illusion, that the given position (which can be rather disputable, or it is far not the only thing) is the answer to the brought attention to the question.

In the course of real dialogue of the party can apply all bouquet of arguments of the second sort in own creative interpretation.

The people using the above-stated arguments, fool themselves as presently, - time enough high level of literacy - incorrect receptions of conducting dispute are visible to much, and their application only underlines inability of the party to prove the correctness.

Besides, during our rather difficult time very often to win in dispute is insufficient - it is necessary also to find the true decision.

Application of similar arguments by an opposite side serves as a signal to that try to deceive us.

In the course of real dialogue (i.e. not in dispute) word-combinations, offers and the thoughts reminding arguments of the second kind, are widely used as the means strengthening that thought which the orator (speaking) tries to inform to the listener (interlocutor), for example: the reference to persons of outstanding scientists, writers or politicians can be made as the pedagogical reception adhering implicitly a theme of conversation by a concrete epoch or the country; the argument to force can be applied in the educational purposes as the means leaving more "a deep trace" in memory of that of whom bring up etc.

Army -- 1) all armed forces of the state; 2) association of several cases, divisions, aviation and tank connections under uniform command; the structure of army depending on the problems assigned to it can be various. The primary goal of army - maintenance of safety and preservation of the state (country) by application of force of the weapon: in the demonstrative and functional (real) image.

The army concerns the state institutes which are in a paradoxical situation, consisting that the state and the people well feel itself when the army actively does not function. Thus the inhabitant has an impression, that the army is not necessary to the state. When there is a situation demanding functioning of army then it is bad also to all people. We will notice, that without army the people can quite disappear from the face of the earth.

The paradoxicality and tragic element of the modern world consists also that one people can easy kill others, using all achievements of a civilisation accessible to them. Possibility of the given situation, is caused by mechanisms of a division of labour in a society. One create the weapon, the second - ideology, the third in same it is a high time develop at itself cave mentality, the fourth give the order etc.

The army can be professional, that is hired, and mobilisation - national. In the latter case the basic contingent continuously varies and is deeply connected with the people. The serving part of the population of the country also has military qualification and is capable to be organised and resist to an aggressor or the oppressor. In such conditions it is very difficult to antinational both antihuman forces and modes to turn army and its weapon against own people. In this connection in many countries the preference is given to professional military men and the police structures having certain mentality, that is the hired armies, ready to be at war against everybody on the party of those who pays in it. The military contingent of similar armies is often formed of foreign mercenaries, for example: the Latvian soldiers in Russia the beginnings of the century, etc.

The actor -- (it is similar: the sportsman, the professional politician, the teacher) the person which subject of work is he and its qualities; unlike the engineer, working, serving which subject of work is intellectual or material assets.

Long-term work on self and some superiority in some skills over other people create illusion of own exclusiveness at an appreciable part of actors. Badly, especially to the people when illusion of exclusiveness of the actor arises and at the voter.

Wisdom of the people says: "do not create to itself an idol".

Association -- communication between mentality elements thanks to which occurrence of one of images in certain conditions causes another, with it connected. The physiological basis of association is made by the mechanism of formation of time nervous communication, i.e. advancement of a nervous way between various sites of a bark of a brain, short circuit of excitation of these sites. The association is free movement of mind.

Associative thinking -- thinking based on associations. Exclusively important component of reason of the person on the information processing, allowing it to make generalisation and abstraction. Feature of associative thinking is ability to allocate general signs of things - to generalise, not spending the logic analysis. The associative thinking, most likely, underlies activity of a component of intelligence - education.

Attention -- one of properties of intelligence; preparation of the last for information processing on the certain (set) theme.

The allocated things -- objects or the things put in exclusive position: privileges, castes, the property, values, trades and other things which are in the centre of attention of system (subject).

Action - - a kind of communication of the things, consisting in condition change at least one of them as a result of presence of the given communication. "Force of action is equal to force of counteraction" - the general law for mechanics and a society.

Advantage - - the price, figuratively - the feeling closely connected with qualities of the person. If speak about feeling of own (personal) advantage it means, that the person has own self-estimation (has estimated own advantages) and represents (believes), that as concern it and associates. If it appears, that associates estimate it much more low the self-respect is restrained. Thus the person or corrects own self-estimation, that always is painful work on self, but does to it honour, or starts to prove, that it is others are bad, and here it is good, trying thereby to keep self-respect. Thus in overwhelming majority of cases such person operates at level of cave mentality: Causes for this offender on duel, revenges, becomes a misanthrope, declares war, makes a considerable quantity of acts which show, that over it the reason, not self-respect, and other feelings supervises not: envy, the jealousy, the hurt pride (mentality) which show, that the given person are not the person in full sense of this word, reasonable (and to be reasonable as Ortega-AND-gasset has shown, it very much and very difficultly). It is natural, that the similar behaviour to the person of honour does not do, but to keep self-esteem and feeling allows.

Advantage - a thing merit; set of high moral qualities, and also respect of these qualities in itself.

Sometimes speak about loss by the person of the advantage as a result of fulfilment to them improper and to it of similar acts, that is about loss by the person of some qualities, it is standard considered as advantages of the person: honesty, decency (say, that "the person of has disgraced"), sincerity and t.p. - that to it does not do honour and causes a remorse. For struggle against last phenomenon also was, possibly, the concept about a freedom of worship is thought up.

People or the classes invested by the power, not capable independently to keep the advantage and honour, but loving and wishing to look beautiful in own eyes, aspiring to fix positions about protection of their honour and advantage by means of the state institutes, (i.e. other people), in standard documents (declarations, legal codes, constitutions, etc.), always were, is and will be.

It is not necessary to confuse advantage to property.

Artificial - - created by a live being (person) as a result of plan realisation. If something has resulted from activity of the person without a preliminary plan, this already natural. Concepts artificial and natural are applicable only to a field of activity of the person.

Art -- a sphere of activity of people in which superfluous functions of intelligence are realised. Arts - a kind of training of the intelligence, turned to end in itself (it is possible to tell a self-sufficient kind of training). In this sense they are close on the essence to sports and physical culture.

Asymmetrical systems -- systems in which movement ways to one and opposite directions, transition in any condition and return from it, etc. cannot be carried out in general, or by the expense of equal quantity of resources: time, energy and many other things. Practically the great bulk of systems and the processes proceeding in the Universe, is asymmetrical. Bright examples from economy and public relations: "cost of not renewed resources" can be somehow high, on that they and not renewed (but economists manage it to count, that is an obvious nonsense); "to break - not to build" (to destroy the country to kill the person to destroy a work of art much easier and, that is very important, essential faster than to create: to give birth and grow up, etc.); " It is impossible to enter twice into the same river "(each public situation is unique, instead of cyclic repetition last, therefore conversations on new economic policy , parallels with Great October Revolution, etc. - not that other, as simplifications and primitiveness which can serve as an illustration but as any analogies do not possess an evidential effect).

Area of human interests - - all that operates behaviour of people.

On a first place,

-Things: he, his family, its entertainments, its house, its friends, its work, its hobby, etc.;

-Time: today, the month, the nearest day off, holiday, a holiday;

-Events: purchase something, increase of the prices, incidents, troubles on work and in a life, war which concerns directly it;

On a second place,

-Things: a city where he lives, other people, their destinies and affairs;

-Time: that will be in some years, after his death;

-Events: accidents, wars, etc. in other corners of globe, ecology, the global policy, etc.

On the third place: various philosophical and ethical problems.

Researches of scientists show, that usually the further in space and time will defend from the person the phenomenon, the less it it interests. This law is enough drama as far standing phenomena to which do not pay attention, have ability to become suddenly essential, unsoluble, or stubborn problems, not leaving time, or means for their decision and, besides, cause frequently негуманоидность public processes.

Advancing reflexion of the validity -- senseless enough mere verbiage bearing the big dialectic loading. Generally is a prediction, future guessing. The information system remains until it manages to expect the future. In connection with limitation of resources of information systems depth of a prediction and answer possibility in many cases appear insufficient, as defines life cycle of information systems.

Advancing reflexion of the validity from information system (organism) can take place as a result:

- Casual guessing of the necessary behaviour based on earlier available knowledge;

- Casual coincidence of influence of an environment and "convulsive reaction of an organism";

- Relative stability of the processes proceeding both in an external world, and in an organism.

Because in overwhelming majority of cases advancing reflexion of the validity is under construction on the accessible information available from last experience, the answer of information system, each time in new conditions, practically always is not absolutely adequate, that is there is an averaging or information "generalisation" - the accumulation of life experience expressed in creation of abstract concepts. The last can be defined as nonspecific reaction of an organism.

Advancing feedback -- a feedback based on a prediction of the future condition of system - information. Unlike a late feedback (an inertial link) or a synchronous feedback (an internal feedback), reacting not on the information, and on a signal, has likelihood character as event to which it reacts, can and not come. At the same time the advancing feedback allows to overcome natural inertial properties of operated system in difficult situations and to spend its route inaccessible to systems with other type of a feedback.

Act -- action or the inactivity demanding pressure of mind and soul. The act is characterised by force and quality of this pressure. Behind many acts of people there is still a considerable quantity of the reasons.

If the person of that does not do that, the fool will tell: "cannot!" The person cleverer will tell: "does not want!" And only some will tell: "It does an another matter!"

Action freedom -- idealistic representation about freedom.

Alarm words -- words, having applied which or having heard from others it is necessary to reflect on correctness of the stated thesis. Such words concern generally: hence, should, obviously, undoubtedly, thus, it is standard.

Accident -- a category of methodology of a science and the knowledge theory, meaning an atypical concrete causal relationship for the allocated (fixed) phenomenon. To speak about accident it is possible only from the point of view of the learning subject. In the world all is causally caused, as in it there are no allocated objects - the world is uniform.